Nutrients are the substances the body needs to function and grow properly. Macronutrients are simply the nutrients that people need in the highest amounts in order to have enough energy for their bodies to operate on a day-to-day basis. These would be, generally speaking, fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
The body uses calories to create energy. On average, both proteins and carbohydrates provide 4 calories per gram, while 1 gram of fat provides 9 calories. Alcohol also provides calories, but it is not a nutrient because the body does not need it.
Carbohydrates are easiest for the body to convert to energy because of their simple makeup. These are found in abundance in foods considered starches, such as potatoes and whole grains. People can also get adequate carbohydrate intake from fruit, yogurt, and nuts. Fiber is a special type of carbohydrate that is indigestible. It can help to promote weight loss because it leaves a person feeling full and aids in cleansing the digestive system.
Many think of protein as a nutrient found mostly in meat, but this is not always the case. While meat is definitely a good protein source, it is also found in red and brown beans, soy products, nuts, and seeds. These foods contain macronutrients important for energy when the body has exhausted its supply of carbohydrates. Protein also aids the immune system, preserves muscle mass, and promotes growth.
A lot of people try to avoid eating fats, especially in countries with high rates of obesity. It is important to note, however, that people actually need a certain amount of fat in their diets. It is essential for absorption of vitamins K, E, D, and A, and provides the body with a layer of cushioning below the skin. This is needed to protect the internal organs.
It is best to eat unsaturated fats, which can be found in nuts, olive oil, and avocados. Trans fats and saturated fats can contribute to heart disease, especially for those with a family history. When healthy fats are eaten as part of a well-balanced diet, weight gain does not need to be a huge concern.
The other nutrients the body needs, but in smaller quantities, are known as micronutrients. In addition, people need a substantial amount of water to survive. The recommended amount is six to eight 8-ounce (237 ml) glasses every day. Water in food, such as water-rich fruits, can go toward fulfilling this requirement.
If you're in Miami and seeking to understand and optimize your macronutrient intake, consulting with Miami dietitians can be a valuable step. Macronutrients, including fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, are essential for providing the energy needed for day-to-day bodily functions.